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Descendant demo

File: Data.xml <chapter>   <para>para1</para>   <figure>     <title>title 1</title>     <graphic fileref="pic1.jpg" />   </figure>   <para>para2</para>   <sect1>     <para>para3</para>     <figure>       <title>"He Lights"</title>       <graphic fileref="pic2.jpg" />     </figure>     <para>line 1</para>     <sect2>       <para>line 2</para>       <figure>         <title>title 2</title>         <graphic fileref="pic1.jpg" />       </figure>     </sect2>   </sect1> </chapter> File: Transform.xslt <xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"   version="1.0">   <xsl:output method="html" />   <xsl:template match="chapter">     <html>       <body>         <b>Pictures:</b>         <br />         <xsl:for-each select="descendant::figure">           <a href="#{generate-id(graphic)}">             <xsl:value-of select="title" />           </a>           <br />         </xsl:for-each>         <xsl:apply-templates />       </body>     </html>   </xsl:template>   <xsl:template match="para">     <p>       <xsl:apply-templates />     </p>   </xsl:template>   <xsl:template match="graphic">     <center>       <a name="{generate-id(.)}">         <img src="{@fileref}" />       </a>       <b>         <xsl:value-of select="../title" />       </b>     </center>   </xsl:template>   <xsl:template match="figure/title" /> </xsl:stylesheet> Output: <html>    <body><b>Pictures:</b><br><a href="#d2e11">title 1</a><br><a href="#d2e27">"He Lights"</a><br><a href="#d2e43">title 2</a><br>                <p>para1</p>                                      <center><a name="d2e11"><img src="pic1.jpg"></a><b>title 1</b></center>                         <p>para2</p>                           <p>para3</p>                                            <center><a name="d2e27"><img src="pic2.jpg"></a><b>"He Lights"</b></center>                             <p>line 1</p>                               <p>line 2</p>                                                  <center><a name="d2e43"><img src="pic1.jpg"></a><b>title 2</b></center>                                            </body> </html>